Ruby

Required and default arguments

class CoffeeMaker
  attr_reader :condition
  def initialize(condition)
    @condition = condition
  end
end

coffee1 = CoffeeMaker.new("hot")
puts coffee1.condition

class CoffeeMaker
  attr_reader :condition
  def initialize(condition = "hot")
    @condition = condition
  end
end

coffee1 = CoffeeMaker.new
puts coffee1.condition

class CoffeeMaker
  attr_reader :condition
  def initialize(condition = "hot")
    @condition = condition
  end
end

coffee1 = CoffeeMaker.new("cold")
puts coffee1.condition